Monday 13 December 2010

This lecture was looking at the differences and similatiries between American and Japanese animation.
Disney made a breakthrough with Bambi when they introduced the 'moving background' by having 2 or 3 layers of animation to give the cartoons a sense of 3 dimension. Something that was picked up on and used by Japanese animation afterwards with anime such as My Neighbour Totoro.
After that more innovations were made in the field of animation, such as the 'tear drop body' shape in early Pixar cartoons allowing more natural and flexible movements, and motion blur. However despite these innovations, animations as a medium did not 'improve'. Stories, characters, and popularity were not effected, just because these things were new does not mean they are neccessarily better.
What made animation better was the way they used these products to help make the characters realistic in different ways, now animators could bring objects to life a lot easier than before and translate tough emotions into them. Without these breakthroughs Pixar could not have made this:
This was a continuation on the uncanny valley. This time we looked at movement and how that fits into the sliding scale of uncanny-ness. Movement is one of the codes that go with character, ie how a character moves dictates how the audience relate to it and what they expect out of it.
On the iconic end of the scale, naturalistic movement lies, things that do that would be animals and humans. On the arbitrary side you have random movement and stillness. Examples would be an android perhaps malfunctioning and making random movements, and obviously death.
As with everything to do with the uncanny valley, it is diffucult to overcome. Modern androids are still firmly in the uncanny valley because even though they move more natually than ever before,  they lack the biological twitches and movements that animals have.





Therefore in order to cross the uncanny valley on the movement axis, there must be some sort of indexical movement in the creature or the audience will always find it creepy and disturbing.